Sarah Metlova
How To Get Rid Of Sand Fleas In Your Yard – Solomon Abraha Bezab, Mekelle University, Gregory Peterson, University of Tasmania, Jackson Thomas, University of Canberra, Jörg Heukelbach, Julia K. Christenson, University of Canberra
The authors do not work for, advise on, own shares in, or receive funding from any company or organization that could benefit from this article, and have not disclosed any relevant affiliations other than their academic position.
How To Get Rid Of Sand Fleas In Your Yard
Tungiasis (sand flea disease) is a parasitic inflammatory skin disease caused by the female flea Tunga penetrans (the most common) and less commonly by the species Tunga trimamillata. The condition is also known by names such as sand flea, jigger, chigger, nigua, cuti, bicho-do-pe, crimson-chic, and pike attack. Tungias is mainly found in low- and middle-income countries and is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a neglected tropical disease. It is one of the most common parasitic skin diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. Ina Skosana asked a group of public health researchers for clarification.
South African Fishing Flies
Tungiasis is diagnosed by clinical examination of lesions caused by fleas that burrow into the skin, often on the toes, soles of the feet, or hands. Each infected child can have up to a hundred parasites, mostly on the legs and arms. In the early stages, it usually appears as single or multiple itchy reddish-brown spots. The adult stage of the disease is manifested by a white or yellow spot with a black dot in the center. And it’s a black crust surrounded by necrotic tissue, in a late stage when the flea is dead.
Tungias are characterized by itching, pain and inflammation. If left untreated, inflammation and secondary bacterial infections can be devastating. This can lead to deformity and loss of nails, deformity of the feet, death of surrounding tissues, tetanus, gangrene, sepsis and even auto-amputation in extreme cases.
Direct person-to-person transmission of tungiasis is not possible. This is because the parasite must go through stages of its life cycle outside of the host in the soil before infecting another person. The female parasite begins the cycle by burrowing into the host’s skin and feeding on its blood. This allows him to increase enormously in size. Then he throws the eggs on the floor. The eggs develop in the environment, the larvae hatch, develop into pupae, and finally the fleas emerge and find a host. The cycle ends with the natural death of the female parasite embedded in the skin.
Tungias affect both humans and animals. In endemic areas, children between the ages of 5 and 14 are most commonly affected. Prevalence can be as high as 97% in children compared to 60% in the general population in highly endemic, poor communities in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. It is also one of the most common diseases among travelers returning from endemic areas.
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Tungiasis has long been ignored by both the scientific community and medical professionals. As a result, accurate estimates of the global burden of disease are limited. The WHO estimates that 20 million people in South America are at risk of developing tungiasis. In 2014, an estimated 1.4 million Kenyans had the condition and 10 million were at risk. According to a local NGO, 265 people died of the disease in Kenya in 2011. Since many cases go unreported, it is very likely that the death toll is much higher.
A 2015 Kenyan study of 20 primary schools found that about 65% of students with severe tongue disease have difficulty walking.
Another study in Kenya showed that tungiasis has a moderate to very high impact on the quality of life of the majority (78%) of affected children. This is associated with difficulty walking, disturbed sleep and difficulty concentrating in class.
There is no approved standard drug treatment for tungiasis. In fact, the most common current treatment is surgical removal of infected fleas with a sterile needle and disinfection of skin debris. However, in communities with limited resources, this practice is often performed unhygienic. This almost inevitably leads to further bacterial infections and increased inflammation. It can also lead to the transmission of viruses such as HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C.
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A number of parasiticides and chemical agents have been studied for the treatment of tungiasis. But there is little evidence to support their safety and effectiveness.
Recently completed small clinical trials in Kenya and Uganda have shown significant benefits, albeit with limitations. Topical treatment with dimethicone (NYDA®; synthetic silicone oil of varying viscosity) was found to be 78% effective in Kenya and 95% in Uganda. It works by asphyxiating the introduced parasite – otherwise it is not lethal to the parasite, its eggs or secondary bacterial pathogens and is not likely to produce sustainable long-term treatment results.
Locally known insect repellents from natural sources (neem, coconut oil, castor oil, palm oil and aloe vera) were also studied. Some countries, such as Kenya, have even included them in their local government guidelines.
While researchers are exploring new therapies, none have shown clear promise as a practical and clinically proven therapeutic solution.
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More importantly, it is virtually impossible to eradicate tungiasis in endemic areas without improving people’s living conditions. However, more attention should be paid to developing new formulations or reusing currently available topical antimicrobials with combined parasiticide, ovicidal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action to treat this truly neglected but important clinical condition.
Write an article and join a growing community of more than 166,800 academics and researchers from 4,661 institutions. No one wants to be overheard on the beach, be it traders or real bugs. Sand fleas are a type of beach pest that can derail your plans. They spoil your mood, cause itching and, most importantly, many diseases.
That is why it is so important to understand how to remove them quickly. Fortunately, there are tips for repelling sand fleas, which we’ll cover in this article.
The term “sand flea” is somewhat confusing as it refers to different types of pests. Among them are members of the family Talitridae, small crustaceans whose jumping steps and size resemble fleas.
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There are many misconceptions about these tiny creatures on the internet, but don’t worry about their bites because locusts (another name for them) don’t feed on human blood.
Chigos, also known as sand fleas, are less dangerous due to their habit of burrowing into a person’s bones and causing tungiasis. However, they prefer to live in the tropics and Africa.
Sand fleas are also known as beach fleas and sand bugs. These are all general terms for different families and species that have one thing in common: they usually live in sandy areas such as riverbanks and beaches.
Most species in this category are very small, usually three millimeters long – hence the name “sightless”, which refers to certain types of sand fleas. If you look closely you will see that the animals have very thin, long legs and that their rather hairy wings are erect and form a V-shape when resting. Their color varies depending on the species.
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The female, like the mosquito, bites a person because she needs blood to lay eggs. Unfortunately, since some insects carry Leishmania and other pathogens, this feeding habit allows the insects to spread the infection. The good news is that such cases are rare.
Usually you see small pests or get bitten before you notice them. They usually stay close to the ground, so the shins are particularly vulnerable. But nothing prevents the creatures from feasting on your whole body when they find you lying down.
There will most likely be pain when sand fleas dig their long mouths into the skin. This causes a small, reddish bump that itches and swells. Blisters may also form, increasing the risk of skin infections.
Therefore, it is extremely important to avoid scratching the affected area at all costs, even if it takes a lot of effort. Sand flea bites tend to collect on people.
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Remember that sand fleas are not insects and are not deterred by common repellents and insecticides. Most experts simply recommend avoiding sand fleas by avoiding the beach at dawn, dusk, and at night.
Bring a blanket to lie on while you relax in the sand, and don’t comb out the wet sand or put your hands under shells or rocks along the shoreline when you go to the beach.
You need one of the best sand flea repellents to protect yourself from itchy bites and infections. We’ve put together a catalog of the best insect repellents, ranging from natural to the most effective on the market.
Whether you call them snipe flies, sand flies, or beach fleas, there will certainly be repellents downstairs to protect you from getting bitten.
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Use a DEET-based spray for the most effective insect protection. Although far from natural and effective, DEET is an effective remedy for sand fleas. In addition, DEET has been studied for decades and has been determined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to pose no health risk.
It is an active ingredient that can repel biting flies (such as sand fleas).
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